{"id":2538,"date":"2025-07-08T13:53:18","date_gmt":"2025-07-08T13:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/?p=2538"},"modified":"2026-01-10T22:26:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T22:26:51","slug":"understanding-pwm-in-robotics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding PWM in Robotics"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tArduino<\/span>, Electronics<\/span>, Tutoriales<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    In robotics, controlling how fast a motor spins or how bright an LED shines is essential. PWM \u2014 Pulse Width Modulation \u2014 is the tool that makes this possible.<\/p>

    Let\u2019s dive into what PWM is, how it works, and how you can use it in your own robotic projects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \ud83d\udd0d What is a PWM?<\/strong><\/h3>

    PWM is a technique to simulate analog output<\/strong> using digital signals. Instead of sending a fixed voltage, you rapidly switch the signal on and off<\/strong> at a specific frequency.<\/p>

    The key concept is the duty cycle<\/strong>, which is the percentage of time the signal stays high during each cycle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \ud83d\udcd1 How it Works<\/strong><\/h3>

    Think of PWM like flipping a light switch really fast:<\/p>

    • If it\u2019s ON half the time, it looks like half brightness<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li>

    • If it\u2019s ON most of the time, it looks brighter<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

      The faster the switch (higher frequency), the smoother the perceived output.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \ud83e\uddee How to Calculate PWM<\/strong><\/h3>

      \u00a0<\/p>

      \ud83d\udcd0 Formula<\/strong><\/h4>

      \u00a0<\/p>

      The duty cycle is calculated with:<\/p>

      \u00a0<\/p>

      Duty Cycle (%) = (TON \/ T) * 100<\/p>

      Where:<\/p>

      \u00a0<\/p>

      • TON<\/code> = Time the signal is HIGH

        <\/p><\/li>

      • T<\/code> = Total period of one PWM cycle (HIGH + LOW)

        <\/p><\/li><\/ul>

        The frequency of the PWM signal is:<\/p>

        \u00a0<\/p>

        Frequency (Hz) = 1 \/ T<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

        \n\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

        \ud83e\udd16 PWM in Robotics<\/strong><\/h3>

        PWM is everywhere in robotic systems. Here are some of the most common use cases:<\/p>

        \ud83c\udf00 Motor Control<\/strong><\/h5>

        Control how fast your DC motors spin.<\/p>

        \ud83c\udf9a Servo Positioning<\/strong><\/h5>

        Servos use PWM where the pulse width<\/strong> determines the angle.<\/p>

        \ud83d\udca1 LED Brightness<\/strong><\/h5>

        Dimming LEDs with PWM is energy-efficient and simple.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

        \n\t\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        In robotics, controlling how fast a motor spins or how bright an LED shines is essential. PWM \u2014 Pulse Width Modulation \u2014 is the tool that makes this possible. Let\u2019s dive into what PWM is, how it works, and how you can use it in your own robotic projects. \ud83d\udd0d What is a PWM? PWM […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,69,43],"tags":[95,94,59,199,84,67,83,198,197,195,87,196,82,66,200,77,64,194],"class_list":["post-2538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arduino","category-electronics","category-tutorials","tag-adc","tag-analog","tag-arduino","tag-brightness","tag-c","tag-complete","tag-cpp","tag-duty-cycle","tag-dutycycle","tag-frequency","tag-guide","tag-hz","tag-ide","tag-learn-by-doing","tag-pwm","tag-servo","tag-tutorial","tag-voltage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUnderstanding PWM in Robotics - Learn by Doing!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Installing ROS 2 Jazzy on Ubuntu 24.04: Step-by-Step Tutorial\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In robotics, controlling how fast a motor spins or how bright an LED shines is essential. PWM \u2014 Pulse Width Modulation \u2014 is the tool that makes this possible. Let\u2019s dive into what PWM is, how it works, and how you can use it in your own robotic projects. \ud83d\udd0d What is a PWM? PWM […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Learn by Doing!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Progetto-senza-titolo-14.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\",\"@id\":\"\"},\"headline\":\"Understanding PWM in Robotics\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\"},\"wordCount\":240,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"adc\",\"analog\",\"Arduino\",\"brightness\",\"c++\",\"complete\",\"cpp\",\"duty cycle\",\"dutycycle\",\"frequency\",\"Guide\",\"hz\",\"ide\",\"learn by doing\",\"pwm\",\"servo\",\"tutorial\",\"voltage\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Arduino\",\"Electronics\",\"Tutorials\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\",\"name\":\"Understanding PWM in Robotics - Learn by Doing!\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp\",\"width\":1350,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/learn-by-doing-es\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Understanding PWM in Robotics\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/\",\"name\":\"Learn by Doing!\",\"description\":\"Learn Robotics the fun way\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Learn by Doing!\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/cropped-cropped-cropped-Progetto-senza-titolo-6-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/cropped-cropped-cropped-Progetto-senza-titolo-6-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Learn by Doing!\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/antonio-brandi-512166bb\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/author\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Understanding PWM in Robotics - Learn by Doing!","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Installing ROS 2 Jazzy on Ubuntu 24.04: Step-by-Step Tutorial","og_description":"In robotics, controlling how fast a motor spins or how bright an LED shines is essential. PWM \u2014 Pulse Width Modulation \u2014 is the tool that makes this possible. Let\u2019s dive into what PWM is, how it works, and how you can use it in your own robotic projects. \ud83d\udd0d What is a PWM? PWM […]","og_url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/","og_site_name":"Learn by Doing!","article_published_time":"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Progetto-senza-titolo-14.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"","Tiempo de lectura":"4 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/"},"author":{"name":"","@id":""},"headline":"Understanding PWM in Robotics","datePublished":"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/"},"wordCount":240,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp","keywords":["adc","analog","Arduino","brightness","c++","complete","cpp","duty cycle","dutycycle","frequency","Guide","hz","ide","learn by doing","pwm","servo","tutorial","voltage"],"articleSection":["Arduino","Electronics","Tutorials"],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/","name":"Understanding PWM in Robotics - Learn by Doing!","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp","datePublished":"2025-07-08T13:53:18+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-10T22:26:51+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Workspace-4.webp","width":1350,"height":1080},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/understanding-pwm-in-robotics\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/learn-by-doing-es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Understanding PWM in Robotics"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/","name":"Learn by Doing!","description":"Learn Robotics the fun way","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#organization","name":"Learn by Doing!","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/cropped-cropped-cropped-Progetto-senza-titolo-6-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/cropped-cropped-cropped-Progetto-senza-titolo-6-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Learn by Doing!"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/antonio-brandi-512166bb\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"","url":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/author\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2538"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5568,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2538\/revisions\/5568"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnbydoing.dev\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}